Polyurethane classification and application fields

Polyurethane is the abbreviation of polyurethane, the English name is polyurethane, which is a polymer material. Polyurethane is an emerging organic polymer material and is known as the “fifth largest plastic”. It is widely used in many fields of the national economy due to its excellent performance. Product applications include light industry, chemical, electronics, textile, medical, construction, building materials, automotive, defense, aerospace, aviation...

First, the application in daily life is:

Furniture industry applications: 1. paint; 2. paint; 3. adhesive; 4. sofa; 5. mattress; 6. seat armrest.

Household appliances applications: 1. Electrical insulation paint; 2. Wire and cable sheath; 3. Refrigerator, freezer, disinfection cabinet, water heater and other insulation layer; 4. Washing machine electronic device waterproof potting glue.

Construction industry applications: 1. Sealant; 2. Adhesive; 3. Roof waterproof insulation; 4. Cold storage insulation; 5. Interior and exterior wall coating; 6. Floor paint; 7. Synthetic wood; 8. Runway; Plugging agent; 10 plastic floor.

Transportation industry applications: 1. Aircraft, automotive interior parts, armrests, headrests, door panels, dashboards, steering wheels, bumpers, cushions, fenders; 2. carpet lining, paint; 3. insulation Insulation parts, pipelines; 4. Sealing gaskets; 5.

Snow chains.

Application in shoes and leather industry: 1. inner and outer soles; 2. adhesive; 3. leather finishing agent; 4. artificial leather, synthetic leather coating.

Application of the sports industry: 1. Plastic sports venues (including basketball, volleyball, badminton, tennis courts, runway laying), sportswear (dance suits, swimwear, dance suits); 2. sports shoes, scooters.

  Second, the specific application of various polyurethane materials is:

  1, PU soft bubble FlexiblePU

  Mats - such as seats, sofas, mattresses, etc., polyurethane soft foam is an ideal mat material, mat is also the largest application area of soft foam;

  Sound absorbing material - the open-cell polyurethane soft foam has good sound absorption and shock absorption function and can be used as indoor sound insulation material;

  Fabric composites - shoulder pads, bra sponges, cotton pads; toys.

  2, PU rigid bubble RigidPU

  Refrigeration equipment - such as refrigerators, freezers, cold storage, refrigerated trucks, etc., polyurethane rigid foam is the most ideal insulation material for refrigeration equipment;

  Industrial equipment insulation - such as storage tanks, pipelines, etc.;

  Building materials - In developed countries in Europe and America, polyurethane foam for construction accounts for about 70% of the total consumption of rigid foam, which is more than double the amount of hard foam used in refrigerators and freezers. In China, the application of rigid foam in construction industry is not yet As common as developed countries in the West, the potential for development is very large;

  Transportation industry - such as car roofs, interior parts (steering wheel, dashboard), etc.;

  Imitation wood - high density (density 300~700kg/m3) polyurethane rigid foam or glass fiber reinforced rigid foam is structural foam plastic, also known as imitation wood, with high strength, good toughness, dense and tough skin, simple molding process, production High efficiency, higher strength than natural wood, lower density than natural wood, can be used as a substitute for wood for all kinds of high-end products;

  Potting materials - such as waterproof grouting materials, plugging materials, roof waterproofing materials;

  Flower industry - PU flower pots, flower arrangement mud, etc.

  3, PU semi-rigid bubble Semi-rigidPU

  Energy absorbing foam - energy absorbing foam has excellent shock absorption, cushioning performance, good compression load resistance and deformation recovery performance, and its most typical application is for preparing automobile bumpers;

  Self-skin foam (IntegralSkinFoam) - used to make softening inner and interior trims for automotive steering wheels, armrests, headrests, etc. Self-skinning foam products usually adopt Reaction Injection Moulding (RIM) processing technology;

  Microcellular Elastomers - The most typical application of polyurethane microcellular elastomers is in the footwear industry.

  4, polyurethane elastomer (PUElastomers)

  Castable polyurethane elastomer (CPU for short) - is the most widely used and most productive type of polyurethane elastomer;

  Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (referred to as TPU) - thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer accounts for about 25% of the total amount of polyurethane elastomer;

  Mixed polyurethane elastomer (referred to as MPU) - about 10% of the total amount of polyurethane elastomer. Solid tires; printing and conveying rubber rollers; pressure-type rubber rollers; oil seals, gasket ball joints, bushing bearings; O-rings; bolsters; soles, rear roots, toe caps; linings; gears, etc., different application areas, selected elasticity The hardness range of the body is different. Application in mining, metallurgical and other industries - sieve plates, shakers, etc.;

  Application in the mechanical industry - rubber rollers, tapes, seals, etc.;

  Applications in the automotive industry - tires, seals, etc.;

  In light industry applications - polyurethane soles, polyurethane synthetic leather, polyurethane fibers;

  Application in the construction industry - waterproof materials, paving materials, potting materials, etc.

  5, polyurethane sole material (ShoeSole)

  Polyurethane sole has many advantages: low density, soft texture, comfortable and light to wear; good dimensional stability, long storage life; excellent wear resistance, flexural resistance; excellent shock absorption, anti-skid performance; better temperature resistance Good chemical resistance and so on. Polyurethane is mostly used in the manufacture of high-grade leather shoes, sports shoes, travel shoes and so on.

  6. Polyurethane slurry is divided into two types: wet method and dry method. It is a polymer solution system with transparent or slightly turbid appearance. The solid content is about (30-35)%, which means that (65- 70)% is a solvent. Simply put, 1 ton of slurry contains (650-700) kilograms of solvent. For dry processes, it contains so much toluene and methyl ethyl ketone. The amount of toluene is larger because of the better solubility of toluene. For the wet process, it contains 650-700 kg of pure DMF. Therefore, for the slurry, the price changes of toluene and DMF greatly affect the cost of the slurry, which is very simple. Polyurethane slurry is used as a coating to prepare polyurethane synthetic leather and artificial leather. Polyurethane synthetic leather has soft and natural luster, soft handfeel and strong leathery appearance. It has excellent mechanical properties such as excellent adhesion to substrates, abrasion resistance, flexing resistance, anti-aging, and anti-fungal properties. It has the advantages of good cold resistance, breathability, washing, convenient processing and excellent price. It is the most ideal substitute for natural leather. It is widely used in clothing, shoes, luggage, furniture, sports and other industries. It is an alternative to the field of dermis application, and it can also be applied to areas where the dermis cannot be applied. The dermis market is very susceptible to animals (bovine, sheep, pigs, etc., mad cow disease).

  Dry polyurethane slurry - in the process of application, the solvent in the slurry is evaporated by heating and evaporation. The solvent is mostly made of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone. The solvent evaporated cannot be recycled, which not only pollutes the environment, but also causes no The necessary waste.

  Wet polyurethane slurry - because the process is to extract DMF with water (because DMF and water have unlimited solubility), it is more environmentally friendly, and the synthetic leather produced has good moisture permeability and breathability. Soft, full, light, and more natural leather style and appearance, so the development speed is amazing.

  7, polyurethane fiber (Spandex, referred to as spandex) spandex excellent performance: outstanding high resilience, spandex high resilience is currently unmatched by all elastic fibers, its elongation at break is greater than 400%, up to 800 %, even at 300% tensile deformation, the rebound recovery rate is still above 95%; excellent tensile strength, tear strength; weather resistance, UV resistance; chemical resistance, washing resistance; Good affinity. Spandex has been widely used in textiles and is a new type of textile material with high added value. There are four main forms of use: bare wire, core yarn, covered yarn and twisted yarn. Such as stockings, swimwear, dance clothes, lycra (cotton coated spandex), clothing, etc., in traditional textiles, only need to add less than 10% of the spandex, you can make the traditional fabric grades greatly improved, showing Soft, comfortable, beautiful and elegant style.

  8. Polyurethane coatings (PUCoatings) Polyurethane coatings are mainly used in the coating of aircraft, ships and vehicles; surface coating of wood, plastic, rubber and leather; painting of buildings; anti-corrosion coating and so on.

  Waterborne polyurethane coating - water is the main medium, with low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution, convenient construction, etc. It is one of the main substitutes for solvent-based coatings. It has been widely used in many fields, such as: (1) wood lacquer and wood floor lacquer; (2) paper coating; (3) architectural coating; (4) leather coating; (5) fabric coating and the like.

  9, polyurethane adhesive (PUAdhesives) polyurethane adhesive contains very strong polarity and chemically active -NCO- (isocyanate), -NHCOO- (urethane group), and substrates containing active hydrogen, such as Porous materials such as foam, plastic, wood, leather, fabric, paper, ceramics, and materials such as metal, glass, rubber, plastic, etc. have excellent chemical adhesion; excellent shear strength and impact resistance It is suitable for all kinds of structural bonding and has excellent flexibility. Polyurethane adhesive has excellent rubber properties and can adapt to the adhesion of different thermal expansion coefficient substrates. It forms soft between substrates. The hard transition layer not only has strong bonding strength, but also has excellent cushioning and shock absorption functions; the low temperature and ultra-low temperature performance of polyurethane adhesives exceeds that of all other types of adhesives;

  Waterborne polyurethane adhesives - waterborne polyurethane adhesives have the characteristics of low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution, non-combustible, etc., and are the key development direction of polyurethane adhesives.

  10. Polyurethane sealant (PUSealants) sealant is a material used to fill voids (holes, joints, joints, etc.) and has two functions of bonding and sealing. Polyurethane sealant, silicone sealant and polysulfide sealant constitute the three major varieties of high-grade sealant. Polyurethane sealant is widely used in civil construction, transportation and other industries: in construction applications - filling and sealing of doors, windows, glass, etc.; in civil engineering applications - caulking of highways, bridges, airstrips, etc.; Automotive applications - assembly and sealing of windows (mainly windshields). Polyurethane sealant has many excellent properties, including: (1) wide range of performance adjustable, strong adaptability (2) good wear resistance; (3) high mechanical strength; (4) good bonding performance; (5) good elasticity , with excellent recovery, can be used for dynamic seams; (6) low temperature flexibility; (7) good weather resistance, long service life of 15 to 20 years; (8) good oil resistance; (9) resistant to biological aging; (10) The price is moderate.

Polyurethane rubber roller rubber roller 丨 SMT machine rubber roller